This experiment is designed to show you how to construct a thermocouple. Thermometers, thermal physics from alevel physics tutor. Physics paper 3 extended 062532 octobernovember 2012. A thermocouple is the devise used extensively for measurement of the temperature of the body. This phenomenon is known as the seebeck effect and is the basis for all thermocouples. If you are studying a different international gcse physics syllabus, or a uk gcse physics syllabus, dont go away. Supplement demonstrate understanding of sensitivity, range and linearity describe the structure of a thermocouple and show understanding of its use as a thermometer for measuring high temperatures and those that vary rapidly describe and explain how the structure of a liquidinglass thermometer. The correlation of temperature versus voltage establishes a relationship that is unique to the various thermocouple types. Gcseigcse physics solutions, examples, worksheets, videos. Different types of thermometers and their uses updated physics. Thermal physics main points extended simple kinetic molecular model of matter states of matter state the distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases molecular model describe qualitatively the molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases interpret the temperature of a gas in terms of the motion of its molecules describe. Welding produces a mechanical and electrical connection that creates a solid sensor starting point of zero electrical potential difference and zero temperature difference between the. Could use more detail on how to secure the thermocouples to the item under test, finer resolution on the voltage tables, web references, and recommendation. The book is organised for cambridge igcse physics 0625 syllabus, but much of the content will still be relevant to you.
Physics 062503 paper 3 mayjune 2003 1 hour 15 minutes candidates answer on the question paper. Temperature measurement will be discussed in detail in later episodes of this series. Thermometric properties used in various thermometers. Chapter 2 thermal physics explaining thermometers and how they work including liquid in glass thermometers and thermocouples according to gcse igcse physics syllabus. Thermal physics, this course covers all the points in the syllabus that are related to thermal physics, the course is directed to the point and restricted to the syllabus nothing less and nothing more, so you will not waste your time, with invaluable speech. Many candidates did not link the period of time that the temperature is constant, in a cooling experiment, with. Read these instructions first write your centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
A thermocouple is an electrical device consisting of two dissimilar electrical conductors forming an electrical junction. They learn about the basic principles of physics through a mix of theoretical and practical studies. Physics 062532 paper 3 extended mayjune 2015 1 hour 15 minutes candidates answer on the question paper. Aug 22, 2012 1 the hot junction of the thermocouple will be the beaker of hot water, and the cold junction would be another beaker of cool water. Cambridge igcse physics, 3rd edition tom duncan, heather. Thermocouple thermometer in this thermometer, the probe contains 2 different metals joined metals to form 2 junctions. Stick the bulb of a mercury thermometer into volcanic lava which can be. Preface igcse physics third edition aims to provide an uptodate and comprehensive coverage of the core and extended curriculum in physics specified in the current cambridge international. Thermocouple new gcse igcse a part of chapter 2 thermal physics. Cambridge igcse physics book, notes and study guide for. Physical quantities and units kinematics dynamics mass, weight and density turning effects of forces pressure work, energy and power kinetic model of matter transfer of thermal energy temperature thermal properties of. Mar 16, 2017 thermal physics heat igcse physics complete lesson thermal properties and temperature thermal expansion of solids, liquids, and gases at constant pressure applications and consequences of thermal expansion measurement of temperature how a physical property that varies with temperature may be used for the measurement of temperature, and state examples of such properties need for and identify. A thermocouple produces a temperaturedependent voltage as a result of the thermoelectric effect, and this voltage can be interpreted to measure temperature. Thermocouples are a widely used type of temperature.
Theory and properties provides the basis for the examination and explanation of thermoelectric phenomena and their correlations with other physical properties. The expanding liquid column may even break the thermometer if the expansion is restrained beyond the maximum 110 c. The homogeneity of these sensors becomes degraded due to some chemical changes during use. If a loop is made from two lengths of wire of dissimilar metals, and the two junctions placed at different temperatures, a small current. Range range refers to the operating temperature which the thermometer can be used. A thermocouple consists of two different types of wire attached together. The liquid in glass thermometer how it works duration. Cambridge igcse physics practice book answers 3no7e8rojyld. It is composed of at least two metals joint together to form two junctions. That is, a very thin thermocouple may not reach the full temperature range.
Thermocouple thermometerthe probe contains 2 different metals joined metals to form 2. Also, check out our other helpful revision resources for igcse physics 0625. In 1821, thomas seebeck discovered if metals of two different materials were joined at both ends and one end was at a different temperature than the other, a current was created. The physical quantity that is used to determine the temperature of a body by means of a mercury thermometer is the length of the thread mercury. Sep 02, 2016 table of contents 2 chapter 1 general physics 4 chapter 2 thermal physics 6 chapter 3 properties of waves 9 chapter 4 electricity and magnetism 14 chapter 5 at slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. In the case of a liquidinglass thermometer, it monitors volume of the liquid. Common types of thermometers are medical thermometers, infrared thermometers, mercury thermometers, thermocouple thermometers, laboratory thermometers. The range of a thermometer is the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures that the thermometer can read. Mercury thermometers for clinical use are now being replaced by digital thermometers, because mercury is toxic. Feb 27, 2014 thermocouple new gcse igcse a part of chapter 2 thermal physics lesson 2 thermometers. Dec 23, 2015 mini physics is a participant in the amazon services llc associates program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon. Physics paper 062512 multiple choice core question number key question number key 1 d 21 b.
Cambridge igcse physics, 3rd edition tom duncan, heather kennett endorsed by cambridge international examinations the bestselling title, developed by international experts now. The thermometer makes use of a physical property of a thermometric substance which changes continuously with temperature. If one end of the thermocouple is placed on something hot the hot. Any device that includes a substance that changes uniformly with temperature can be. State the values of the fixed points of a temperature scale. A thermocouple consists of two different types of wires i. Thermocouple, potential difference, temperature difference, metal junction course overview. A thermometer is a device that is used to measure the temperature of a body. Thermocouple thermometers thermocouples are used to measure temperatures that change quickly or are very high. Jan 19, 2020 this topic covers thermal physics of o level physics. A thermocouple produces a temperature dependent voltage as a result of the thermoelectric effect, and this voltage can be interpreted to measure temperature. The ends of wires are joined together to form two junctions hot and cold junction. Temperature scales gcse physics single science revision bbc.
This make thermocouple a very versatile thermometer and is suitable in many situations. The classical thermocouple configuration is one that uses an icewater bath to set the reference temperature as shown in figure a1. Heat and temperature the best o level revision resource. One is connected to a body of known temperature, while the other is connected to a body of unknown temperature. Form 4 igcse physics thermometers celsius thermometer. Cambridge assessment international education cambridge. To calibrate create a scale a thermometer we need known upper and lower fixed points such as the steam point at 100 c and the ice point at 0 c. The greater the difference, the greater the voltage produced. These results are applied and account for the properties and deviations of commercial materials in the temperature ranges of most common industrial usage. Although thermocouple calibration dictates the temperature range, the maximum range is also limited by the the diameter of the thermocouple wire.
Energy can be transferred from one type to another for example if the book falls of the. Thermocouple thermometers have wires made of two different materials, e. Practical thermocouple thermometry is quite a handy book to get good clear information on the making and the application of thermocouples. The temperature of steam from pure boiling water at one atmospheric pressure. Formulas for gcse igcse physics physics formulas energy kinetic energy elastic potential energy gravitational potential energy specific heat capacity specific heat capacity. Thermocouples are one of the most common sensors used for temperature measurement. Explain why a thermocouple thermometer is particularly well suited to measure 2 for examiners. Cambridge igcse physics, 3rd edition tom duncan, heather kennett endorsed by cambridge international examinations the bestselling title, developed by international experts now updated to offer comprehensive coverage of the core and extended topics in the latest syllabus. You can find notes and exam questions for additional math, elementary math, physics, biology and chemistry.
There are several types of thermometer including the mercuryinglass or the alcoholinglass thermometer, shown in the diagram below. This enables us to measure the temperature of the unknown body by comparing it to the known. Jim roberts, professor of physics and material science. Structure and advantages of a thermocouple structure of a thermocouple. The standard low temperature thermocouple is copperconstantan, type t. Use the topic list to find the desired material or click here for edexcel international gcse physics simplified. The thermocouple is a thermoelectric temperature sensor which consists of two dissimilar metallic wires, e.
K type thermocouples are known as general purpose thermocouple due to its low cost and temperature. Temperature scales temperature and gas calculations. Thermocouple new gcse igcse a part of chapter 2 thermal physics lesson 2 thermometers duration. The range of a thermometer is the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures that the thermometer. When one junction is at a higher temperature than the other an electric current flows and produces a reading on a sensitive voltmeter which depends on the temperature. Cambridge igcse physics teachers resource second edition. What are the different types of thermometers in physics.
Thermal physics heat igcse physics complete lesson ppt 35. A laboratory thermometer can measure from 10 c to 110 c, beyond which the scale will not be able to register any readings. Equivalent to american high school diploma if this is too basic for you, you can try the more advanced version here. Electromagnetic induction electromagnetic induction is the production of voltage across a conductor moving through a magnetic field. Dec 20, 2016 types of thermometer there are several types of thermometer. Explain how a thermocouple is used to measure temperature. Suggest when a thermocouple thermometer is more suitable than a liquidinglass thermometer. Gcse physics the liquidinglass thermometer youtube. When two dissimilar metals are put into contact with each other, a small voltage in the millivolt range is generated. A thermometer is a device which is used to measure the temperature of a body.
A furnace and a reference standard thermocouple can be used in place of fp cells to provide the test temperature environment. If two junctions are at different temperatures, a small voltage or emf is produced. Cambridge igcse physics past paper questions and answers. The cambridge igcse physics syllabus helps learners to understand the technological world in which they live, and take an informed interest in science and scientific developments. Different types of thermometers and their uses physics. There are many types of thermometers, but some common thermometers are laboratory thermometer, clinical thermometer, thermocouple, bimetallic strip thermometer. The temperature of pure melting ice at one atmospheric pressure.
Gce study buddy the best o level revision resource. It is a device where two different metal wires are connected at two junctions, and the difference in temperature between the two junctions gives a voltage. Common types of thermometers are medical thermometers, infrared thermometers, mercury thermometers, thermocouple thermometers, laboratory thermometers, bimetallic strip thermometers, pyrometers, etc. State two reasons why the thermocouple thermometer is suitable for this application. The change in pressure is used to indicate a change in temperature. It prevents mercury from flowing back into the bulb by breaking the mercury thread at the constriction. There is a quiz for thermal physics which is located here.
The difference in temperature will produce a current in the wire which would produce a deflection in the reading on the millivoltmeter or voltmeter in the thermocouple according to which temperature can be measured. There are some practical considerations in the choice and use of thermocouples. How a typical thermocouple is used in practice, as part of a larger circuit that includes two metal junctions and a voltage amplifier. This blog gives overview for each topic in physics for gcse students. Measurement of temperature cie igcse physics revision notes. All the best for your exams saturday, november 20, 2010. Thermal physics for o level is split into several subtopics. The constantvolume gas thermometer it contains a gas. Admin igcse physics revision notes, o level physics revision notes 1 comment 2,976 views. Cambridge igcse physics third edition by copista issuu. Nov 18, 2016 gcse physics the liquidinglass thermometer gcse physics ninja. These relationships are summarized in reference tables which provide the basis for thermocouple calibration. Ch2 l2 thermometers part1 middle east edition youtube. Thermocouple new gcse igcse a part of chapter 2 thermal physics lesson 2 thermometers.
Form 1 igcse physics alternative to practical revision igcse physics alternative to practical revision notes igcse physics book igcse. Physics 062542 paper 4 theory extended februarymarch 2019 1 hour 15 minutes. Thermometer thermocouple a thermocouple consists of wires of two different materials, e. Measuring the temperature of volcanic lava with a thermocouple. A thermocouple thermometer uses a voltmeter to measure the e. What is a thermocouple and how does a thermocouple work. The voltage output ranges from about 10 to 77 mv depending on the thermocouple type and measurement temperature.
Physics notes form 1 free download kcse revision notes pdf. The physical property is referred to as thermometric property. The temperature difference causes a tiny voltage which makes a. This junction emf is temperature dependent and can be used as a thermometer. The temperature difference between the probe tip and. Cambridge international examinations cambridge international general certificate of secondary education 5862445146 physics 062532 paper 3 extended octobernovember 2015 1 hour 15 minutes candidates answer on the question paper. Question 21 most candidates answered this question well but there were quite a lot of candidates who thought that no energy was transferred between molecules in a plastic. Physical properties may vary with temperature some materials have. While the thermocouple measurement junction is in the fp cell, the thermocouple reference junction is controlled in a water freeze point bath monitored by an independent thermistor standard. Free igcse physics revision notes that will help you in revising for your exams. Gcse igcse physics flemings left hand ruleelectromagnetic forceelectric. Thermocouple thermometer the probe contains 2 different metals joined metals to form 2 junctions.
Tips and notes for english, general paper, and composition writing are also provided. In the table put three ticks against the correct statements about the thermocouple thermometer. When making a comparison between resistance and thermocouple thermometers. Points 1 and 2 are kept at the same temperature by using an isothermal block, which is an insulator used to make sure that both points are at the same temperature. Providing study notes, tips, and practice questions for students preparing for their o level or upper secondary examinations. Admin igcse physics revision notes, o level physics revision notes 1 comment 3,020 views. Nov 05, 2015 this section covers the following syllabus physics 5059 requirements. Thermal physics for o level mini physics learn physics. This course is about extended cambridge 0625 igcse physics chapter 2. Igcse physics chapter 2 thermal physics cambridge cie udemy. Cambridge igcse physics 0625 past paper questions and answers. This physics tutorial explains how a thermocouple works and its advantages for reading temperature compared to a traditional liquidinglass thermometer. The reference sensor is usually a thermistor cheap or a platinum resistance thermometer accurate.
1514 914 246 1011 1190 704 655 890 156 1277 211 92 950 1164 1474 1409 936 1493 1132 1463 901 325 965 191 398 507 931 1454 838 1373 1497 1165 352 809 600 252 1446 238 839 274 423 608 1327 658